Fasting Guidelines

Regarding pre-operative fasting guidelines as per ASA standards, all of the following are correct EXCEPT:

A 6-year-old child is scheduled for elective tonsillectomy. The parents ask why their child must fast for 6 hours after a light breakfast but only 2 hours after clear fluids. Which feature best explains this difference in fasting duration?

A 58-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus is scheduled for emergency appendicectomy. He consumed a light breakfast 3 hours ago. Regarding pre-operative fasting and aspiration risk reduction, all of the following are appropriate measures EXCEPT:

A 35-year-old woman with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is scheduled for emergency cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. She consumed a light meal 3 hours ago. Which investigation is most appropriate to assess her aspiration risk and guide the decision on fasting adequacy before anesthesia?

A 6-year-old child is scheduled for elective tonsillectomy. The parents ask why the fasting duration for formula differs from that for cow's milk. Which feature BEST distinguishes the preoperative fasting requirement between infant formula and cow's milk?