Malignant Hyperthermia

A 42-year-old woman is undergoing general anesthesia for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. After induction with propofol and succinylcholine, the anesthesiologist observes sustained muscle contractions followed by flaccid paralysis. The patient's temperature begins to rise, and end-tidal CO₂ increases rapidly. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate immediate management?

A 35-year-old male patient is scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. After induction with propofol and succinylcholine, the anesthesiologist observes a sustained increase in end-tidal CO₂ (ETCO₂) from 35 mmHg to 55 mmHg within 10 minutes, along with muscle rigidity and a rise in core body temperature. Which of the following is the most appropriate immediate management?

A 28-year-old female with a family history of perioperative death (father died during anesthesia 15 years ago) is scheduled for elective laparoscopic appendicectomy. She is suspected to be at risk for malignant hyperthermia. Which investigation is most appropriate to confirm MH susceptibility preoperatively before she undergoes elective surgery?

A 28-year-old female with a family history of malignant hyperthermia (her father had an MH crisis during surgery) is scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She is asymptomatic and has never undergone general anesthesia. Which investigation is most appropriate to determine her MH susceptibility status before surgery?

A 32-year-old male patient is scheduled for elective knee arthroscopy under general anesthesia. The anesthesiologist plans to use propofol for induction and sevoflurane for maintenance. Which of the following is NOT a recognized trigger for malignant hyperthermia?