Respiratory Distress Syndrome

A 28-week gestation female neonate born to a mother with rupture of membranes presents with respiratory distress within 2 hours of birth. Chest X-ray shows a ground-glass appearance with air bronchograms. Which drug is the first-line treatment for respiratory distress syndrome in this preterm infant?

A 32-week gestation male neonate born via emergency cesarean section for fetal distress develops respiratory distress at 4 hours of life. Blood gas shows pH 7.22, PaCO₂ 65 mmHg, PaO₂ 48 mmHg on 60% oxygen. Chest X-ray confirms RDS. The infant is intubated and mechanically ventilated. Which surfactant preparation is preferred as the first dose in this preterm infant with severe RDS?

A 28-week gestation male infant is delivered via emergency cesarean section for placental abruption. Birth weight 1.2 kg. At 2 hours of life, the infant develops grunting, nasal flaring, and intercostal retractions. Oxygen saturation drops to 88% on room air. Chest X-ray shows a fine reticular granular pattern with air bronchograms and a ground-glass appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 28-week preterm infant born to a mother with incomplete antenatal corticosteroid coverage presents with respiratory distress within 2 hours of birth. Chest X-ray shows a ground-glass appearance with air bronchograms. Regarding the pathophysiology and management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), all of the following are true EXCEPT:

Which of the following is the primary biochemical defect in Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?