A 16-year-old male complains of nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis for several months. On CT scan of Nose and Paranasal Sinuses, an enhancing mass is seen in the nasopharynx with minimal extension into sphenoid sinus and no lateral extension. What is the stage of this lesion?

Explanation

Session's/ Radowski staging for Juvenile Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma Stage I Stage I a Limited to nasal cavity / nasopharynx Stage I b Extension into one or more sinuses. Stage II Stage II a Minimal extension into pterygopalatine fossa pterygomaxillary fissure. Stage II b Fills pterygomaxillary fossa, bowing the posterior wall of maxillary antrum anteriorly extending into the orbit the inferior orbital fissure without orbital erosion. Stage II c Infratemporal fossa extension without check or pterygoid plate involvement. Stage III Stage III a Erosion of skull base (middle cranial fossa or pterygoids) with minimal intracranial spread. Stage III b Erosion of skull base with intracranial extension with or without cavernous sinus involvement.