Which of the following amyloid proteins is derived from serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute phase reactant?

Question

Accepted Answer

D. AA amyloid. ## Amyloid Protein Classification

**Key Point:** AA amyloid is derived from serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute phase reactant produced by the liver in response to chronic inflammation.

### Source and Pathogenesis
AA amyloid is the N-terminal fragment of serum amyloid A, a 104-amino acid protein. Under conditions of chronic inflammation, SAA is persistently elevated and undergoes proteolytic cleavage to form the 76-amino acid AA amyloid protein, which then deposits in tissues.

### Clinical Associations
AA amyloidosis is associated with:
- Chronic infections (tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, leprosy)
- Chronic inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, ankylosing spondylitis)
- Chronic suppuration (bronchiectasis)
- Malignancies (Hodgkin lymphoma, renal cell carcinoma)

### Tissue Deposition
AA amyloid preferentially deposits in:
- Kidneys (glomeruli, medulla)
- Liver
- Spleen
- GI tract

**High-Yield:** AA amyloidosis is the most common form of amyloidosis worldwide, particularly in developing nations where chronic infections and inflammation are prevalent.

**Clinical Pearl:** Unlike AL amyloidosis (which affects the heart), AA amyloidosis primarily causes renal dysfunction and nephrotic syndrome.

Answer

A. AH amyloid

Answer

B. AβM amyloid

Answer

C. AL amyloid

Which of the following amyloid proteins is derived from serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute phase reactant?

Explanation

Amyloid Protein Classification

Source and Pathogenesis

Clinical Associations

Tissue Deposition

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