Which of the following clinical scenarios best describes an ASA physical status IV patient?

ASA IV describes a patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life. Unstable angina pectoris is a classic example of an ASA IV condition, as it poses an immediate and constant threat to life due to myocardial ischemia. A. A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in shock is typically classified as ASA V (a moribund patient not expected to survive without the operation). C. Severe traumatic brain injury with impending herniation is also typically ASA V due to the immediate life-threatening nature. D. A patient with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis, if stable and undergoing an elective procedure like AV fistula creation, is usually classified as ASA III (severe systemic disease that is not incapacitating).