## Current CPR Guidelines for Compression-to-Ventilation Ratio **Key Point:** The current standard for single-rescuer adult CPR is a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, as per American Heart Association (AHA) 2020 guidelines and subsequent updates. **High-Yield:** This 30:2 ratio applies to: - Single rescuer performing CPR on an adult - Witnessed or unwitnessed cardiac arrest - In-hospital and out-of-hospital settings **Clinical Pearl:** The emphasis on maintaining high-quality chest compressions (rate 100–120 per minute, depth 5–6 cm) has led to the recommendation of 30:2 to minimize interruptions in chest compressions while still providing adequate ventilation. ### Rationale for 30:2 1. **Compression quality prioritized:** Minimizes pause time between compressions 2. **Adequate oxygenation:** Two rescue breaths per 30 compressions maintain minimal oxygen delivery 3. **Ease of performance:** Single rescuer can sustain the rhythm without excessive fatigue ### Comparison with Other Scenarios | Scenario | Ratio | Notes | | --- | --- | --- | | Single rescuer, adult | 30:2 | Standard, minimizes interruptions | | Two rescuers, adult | 30:2 | Same ratio, alternating compressors | | Infant/child (witnessed) | 15:2 | Higher ventilation need | | Hands-only CPR | No ventilation | Compression-only, for untrained rescuers | **Mnemonic:** **C-30-V-2** — Thirty Compressions, then 2 Ventilations. [cite:AHA Guidelines 2020 Update]
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