A 28-year-old man is brought to the trauma centre following a stab wound to the left hemithorax. On arrival, he is haemodynamically stable with a respiratory rate of 24/min and oxygen saturation of 94% on room air. Chest X-ray shows a moderate-sized left-sided collection with an air-fluid level. What is the most common cause of haemothorax in penetrating chest trauma?

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