A 52-year-old man with known type 2 diabetes for 8 years presents with progressive fatigue and dyspnea. His HbA1c is 8.2%. Serum creatinine is 2.8 mg/dL (eGFR 22 mL/min/1.73 m²). Which investigation is most appropriate to assess the structural renal pathology and guide prognosis in diabetic nephropathy?

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