A 52-year-old man undergoes elective open cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Intraoperatively, 800 mL of blood is lost and replaced with 2 L of normal saline. On postoperative day 2, he develops tachycardia (HR 110/min), hypotension (BP 95/58 mmHg), and oliguria (urine output 180 mL in 24 hours). Serum sodium is 128 mEq/L, serum osmolality 265 mOsm/kg, and urine osmolality 580 mOsm/kg. What is the primary mechanism underlying this patient's hyponatremia?

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