## NPCDCS Surveillance Framework **Key Point:** NPCDCS surveillance is passive and periodic, not mandatory weekly reporting. NCDs are NOT notifiable diseases under the Epidemic Diseases Act like communicable diseases (TB, measles, dengue). ### Why Option 2 Is Incorrect The statement claims that **all NCDs are notifiable diseases with mandatory weekly reporting** — this is FALSE for several reasons: 1. **NCDs are not notifiable** — The Epidemic Diseases Act applies to communicable diseases, not chronic non-communicable diseases 2. **No mandatory weekly reporting** — NPCDCS uses passive surveillance through IDSP, not active/mandatory reporting 3. **Voluntary registry-based surveillance** — Cancer and CVD registries are maintained for tracking, not statutory notification ### Actual NPCDCS Surveillance Mechanisms | Mechanism | Type | Frequency | Coverage | |-----------|------|-----------|----------| | IDSP platform | Passive surveillance | Monthly/quarterly | Districts | | STEPS survey | Population-based survey | Periodic (every 5 years) | Selected sites | | Cancer Registry | Passive case registration | Ongoing | District/tertiary centers | | CVD Registry | Hospital-based registry | Ongoing | Tertiary centers | | Risk factor monitoring | Community surveys | Periodic | Sentinel sites | **High-Yield:** Confusion between **notifiable communicable diseases** (TB, measles, dengue — weekly reporting mandatory) and **NCDs under NPCDCS** (diabetes, hypertension, cancer — registry-based, voluntary surveillance). **Mnemonic: IDSP-NCD** — **I**ntegrated **D**isease **S**urveillance **P**rogramme for NCDs uses passive reporting through existing health system, not active notification. **Warning:** Do not confuse NPCDCS surveillance with communicable disease surveillance under IDSP. While IDSP platform is used, the reporting is not mandatory or weekly for NCDs. [cite:Park 26e Ch 13]
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