Ans. a. CO, wash outInfants and children with a small PDA are generally asymptomatic; infants with a large PDA present with signs of hea failure.'Premature newborns can't tolerate PDA, so it results in hea failure, respiratory distress or necrotizing enterocolitis.Premature infants may present with respiratory distress, apnea, worsening mechanical ventilation requirement or other serious complications (e.g. necrotizing enterocolitis)Signs of hea failure occur earlier in premature o infants than in full-term infants and may be more severe.A large ductal shunt in a premature infant often is a major contributor to the severity of the lung disease of prematurity
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