Under RNTCP, what is the recommended duration of the intensive phase of standard first-line anti-TB treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis?

Explanation

## RNTCP First-Line TB Treatment Regimen **Key Point:** The standard first-line regimen for drug-susceptible TB under RNTCP follows a 2-month intensive phase followed by a 4-month continuation phase, totaling 6 months of treatment. ### Intensive Phase (IP) - Duration: **2 months** - Drugs: HRZE (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol) - Frequency: Daily dosing - Goal: Rapid bactericidal effect and reduction of bacterial load - Sputum conversion typically occurs by end of IP ### Continuation Phase (CP) - Duration: **4 months** - Drugs: HR (Isoniazid, Rifampicin) - Frequency: Daily or thrice-weekly dosing - Goal: Sterilization of lesions and prevention of relapse **High-Yield:** The 2-4-6 regimen (2 months intensive + 4 months continuation = 6 months total) is the backbone of RNTCP treatment and is endorsed by WHO, NTEP, and Indian guidelines [cite:Park 26e Ch 7]. **Clinical Pearl:** Sputum smear examination at the end of intensive phase (at 2 months) is crucial for assessing treatment response and identifying treatment failures early. **Mnemonic:** **2-4-6 Rule** — 2 months intensive, 4 months continuation, 6 months total.