A 28-year-old man with a history of bipolar disorder is started on lithium carbonate 900 mg daily for mood stabilization. After 2 weeks, he develops polyuria (urine output 4 L/day), polydipsia, and nocturia. Serum sodium is 142 mEq/L (normal 135–145), serum osmolality is 305 mOsm/kg (normal 275–295), and urine osmolality is 150 mOsm/kg (inappropriately dilute). A water deprivation test shows no improvement in urine osmolality. Which of the following best explains the mechanism by which lithium causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?