A 58-year-old man with a 40 pack-year smoking history presents with progressive dyspnea and chronic cough. Spirometry shows FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.62 post-bronchodilator, with TLC 125% predicted and RV 180% predicted. The flow-volume loop demonstrates the pattern marked **B** in the diagram. Which of the following best explains the characteristic finding in this patient's flow-volume loop?
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