A 58-year-old man with a 40 pack-year smoking history presents with dyspnea and cough. Arterial blood gas shows PaO₂ 65 mmHg (on room air), PaCO₂ 48 mmHg, and pH 7.35. Chest X-ray shows hyperinflation and bullae. Which of the following is the most common site of V/Q mismatch in this patient's lungs?

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