Femoral Triangle

A 42-year-old woman from Mumbai undergoes femoral artery catheterization for coronary angiography. During the procedure, the interventional cardiologist notes that the femoral artery puncture is slightly medial to the usual site. Post-procedure, the patient develops a pulsatile mass in the groin with a continuous 'machinery' murmur on auscultation. Duplex ultrasound confirms an arteriovenous fistula. Which vein was most likely injured during the arterial puncture?

A 42-year-old woman from Mumbai undergoes elective femoral artery catheterization for coronary angiography. Three days post-procedure, she develops a tender, fluctuant swelling in the right groin with fever (38.5°C). Ultrasound shows a 4 cm fluid collection within the femoral triangle, separate from the artery. Blood cultures grow Staphylococcus aureus. Which structure within the femoral triangle is most likely to have been inadvertently punctured during the procedure, predisposing to abscess formation?

Which is the most common cause of femoral artery thrombosis following femoral artery puncture for angiography?

Which anatomical feature best distinguishes the femoral artery from the femoral vein within the femoral triangle?

A 58-year-old man from Delhi presents to the emergency department with acute right groin pain and swelling following a fall while climbing stairs. On examination, there is a tender, pulsatile mass in the right groin below the inguinal ligament. The mass is expansile on palpation, and a continuous 'machinery' murmur is heard on auscultation. Femoral pulses are bounding distally. What is the most likely vascular complication at this anatomical site?