A 28-year-old woman presents with a 3-week history of painful monocular vision loss with a central scotoma and a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD). Brain MRI shows multiple T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions, including the structure marked **A** in the diagram—ovoid lesions with long axis perpendicular to the lateral ventricles. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis reveals oligoclonal bands. Based on the characteristic MRI findings and clinical presentation, which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of the lesions marked **A**?
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