Poisoning in Children

A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after accidental ingestion of her mother's organophosphate pesticide (used in the garden). On examination, she is conscious but distressed, with excessive salivation, bronchospasm (wheeze on auscultation), miosis (pupils 2 mm), and muscle fasciculations visible over the thighs. Heart rate is 52/min, blood pressure 88/54 mmHg, and respiratory rate 28/min with SpO₂ 85% on room air. Serum cholinesterase level is 35% of normal. What is the most appropriate immediate pharmacological intervention?

A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department 2 hours after ingesting an unknown substance found in his grandfather's medicine cabinet. On examination, he is drowsy but arousable, with pinpoint pupils (2 mm), slow respiratory rate of 16/min, and oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. Blood pressure is 95/60 mmHg. His mother reports he was playful 30 minutes before arrival but has become progressively unresponsive. What is the most appropriate immediate intervention?

Which of the following is the most common cause of poisoning deaths in children below 5 years of age in India?