Anemias Overview

A 52-year-old man with a 20-year history of chronic kidney disease (eGFR 18 mL/min/1.73m²) presents with hemoglobin of 7.8 g/dL. His reticulocyte count is 0.8% (normal 0.5–2%), and peripheral blood smear shows normocytic normochromic RBCs. Iron studies and vitamin B12/folate levels are normal. Which investigation is most specific for confirming the diagnosis of anemia of chronic kidney disease?

A 38-year-old woman presents with fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. On examination, she has pallor and glossitis. Her hemoglobin is 8.5 g/dL with microcytic hypochromic indices (MCV 68 fL, MCH 22 pg). Serum iron is low, TIBC is elevated, and ferritin is 12 ng/mL. Which investigation is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis and identify the underlying etiology?

Which of the following anemias is characterized by a reticulocyte count that is inappropriately low relative to the degree of anemia?

A 35-year-old woman from rural India presents with severe anemia (hemoglobin 5.8 g/dL), glossitis, paresthesias, and megaloblastic changes on bone marrow examination. Serum vitamin B12 is 120 pg/mL (normal >200). What is the drug of choice for her condition?

A 28-year-old woman presents with fatigue, dyspnea, and jaundice. Laboratory investigations reveal hemoglobin 7.2 g/dL, reticulocyte count 12%, indirect hyperbilirubinemia, and a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT). She has no prior transfusions or pregnancy. What is the drug of choice for her condition?