Reversible vs Irreversible Injury

A 58-year-old man with chronic alcoholism presents with jaundice and hepatomegaly. Liver biopsy shows hepatocyte ballooning, lipid accumulation, and intact hepatocyte membranes. All of the following mechanisms contribute to this reversible hepatocyte injury EXCEPT:

All of the following are features of reversible cell injury EXCEPT:

Which of the following morphological changes is characteristic of reversible cell injury?

A 68-year-old woman from Delhi is admitted with acute hepatic encephalopathy secondary to fulminant hepatic failure. She had ingested acetaminophen (paracetamol) 72 hours ago in a suicide attempt. On examination, she is jaundiced, confused, and has asterixis. Laboratory investigations show: INR 6.2, total bilirubin 8.5 mg/dL, ALT 8,500 U/L, albumin 2.1 g/dL. Abdominal ultrasound shows a shrunken liver with ascites. A liver biopsy is performed and histology reveals extensive hepatocyte necrosis with loss of normal architecture, collapse of the hepatic framework, and bridging fibrosis. Which of the following best describes the nature of hepatocellular injury in this patient?