Antihypertensives

Regarding the mechanism of action of antihypertensive drugs, all of the following statements are correct EXCEPT:

A 58-year-old man with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is being evaluated for antihypertensive therapy. Regarding the choice of antihypertensive agents in this patient, all of the following are appropriate first-line options EXCEPT:

A 48-year-old woman with hypertension and a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) 6 months ago presents for antihypertensive optimization. She is already on aspirin and a statin. Which antihypertensive agent is the preferred first-line choice for secondary prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events?

Among patients receiving long-term thiazide diuretics for hypertension, which is the most common electrolyte disturbance that develops?

A 48-year-old woman with newly diagnosed hypertension (BP 162/104 mmHg) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (HbA1c 8.2%) presents for antihypertensive therapy initiation. She has no prior cardiovascular events, normal renal function (eGFR 88 mL/min/1.73m²), and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 45 mg/g. What is the most appropriate initial antihypertensive agent?