A 42-year-old man with a 10-year history of chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg-positive) presents with worsening jaundice, ascites, and encephalopathy. His liver function tests show INR 2.8 and albumin 2.1 g/dL, consistent with decompensated cirrhosis. Which investigation is most appropriate to assess his current viral replication status and guide antiviral therapy?

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