A 58-year-old man with a 15-year history of poorly controlled hypertension (BP 160/95 mmHg) presents to the emergency department with acute onset of right-sided weakness affecting his face, arm, and leg equally. MRI brain with diffusion-weighted imaging shows a small acute infarct in the region marked **C** on the axial section through the internal capsule. Neurological examination reveals no aphasia, no visual field defects, and no sensory loss. Which of the following best describes the clinical syndrome and the mechanism of this stroke?