Adverse Drug Reactions Classification

A 28-year-old woman develops severe anaphylaxis 10 minutes after receiving intravenous penicillin for a urinary tract infection. She has no prior history of penicillin allergy. Which of the following characteristics does NOT apply to this adverse drug reaction?

A 62-year-old man with hypertension is started on enalapril. After 3 weeks, he develops a persistent dry cough. The cough resolves completely after switching to losartan. Which of the following statements about this adverse drug reaction is NOT true?

A 62-year-old man with hypertension on enalapril for 3 months develops a persistent dry cough and mild dyspnea. He denies fever, chest pain, or orthopnea. Chest X-ray is normal. His blood pressure is well-controlled at 128/82 mmHg. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

A 58-year-old man with hypertension has been on enalapril 10 mg daily for 3 years with good blood pressure control. He now presents with a 2-week history of persistent dry cough, dyspnea on exertion, and wheezing. Chest X-ray shows bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Pulmonary function tests reveal a restrictive pattern. His serum creatinine has risen from 0.9 mg/dL (baseline) to 1.8 mg/dL. Echocardiography shows normal ejection fraction and no signs of pulmonary edema. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) shows lymphocytic infiltration. After discontinuing enalapril, symptoms gradually resolve over 4 weeks. Which classification of adverse drug reaction best describes this presentation?

Which clinical feature best distinguishes Type A (dose-dependent) adverse drug reactions from Type B (idiosyncratic) adverse drug reactions?