A 28-year-old man with a family history of colorectal cancer undergoes genetic testing and colonoscopy. He is found to have hundreds of adenomatous polyps throughout the colon. Genetic testing confirms a germline mutation in the APC tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 5q21, consistent with the condition marked **A** in the diagram. Which of the following best explains the molecular mechanism by which loss of APC function leads to polyp formation in this syndrome?
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