Wound Healing — Surgical Aspects

Regarding the phases of wound healing, all of the following statements are correct EXCEPT:

A 45-year-old man undergoes primary closure of a traumatic laceration to the forearm. On postoperative day 10, the wound is noted to have separated at the suture line with exposure of subcutaneous tissue, but no purulent drainage or signs of infection. The patient reports no comorbidities and has normal nutritional status. Which phase of wound healing has been disrupted, and what is the most likely cause?

A 38-year-old woman with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 9.2%) undergoes abdominal wall reconstruction for ventral hernia repair. At 3 weeks postoperatively, the surgical wound shows delayed epithelialization with thin, friable granulation tissue. Tensile strength testing reveals only 30% of normal wound strength at this timepoint. Which cellular/molecular mechanism is primarily impaired in this patient?

A 48-year-old man with diabetes mellitus presents with a chronic leg ulcer that has not healed for 6 months despite standard wound care. The wound shows irregular borders, granulation tissue, and no signs of active infection. The clinician suspects impaired angiogenesis and compromised microcirculation. Which investigation is most appropriate to assess tissue perfusion and guide decisions about advanced wound healing therapies?

A 52-year-old woman undergoes elective cholecystectomy. On post-operative day 5, the surgical site shows a sudden gush of serosanguinous fluid through the incision, with separation of the skin edges. The underlying fascia appears intact. Which investigation is most appropriate to assess the integrity of deeper layers and guide further management?