Lipoprotein Metabolism and Dyslipidemias

A 52-year-old man with a family history of premature coronary artery disease presents with xanthomas on his Achilles tendons and eyelids. Lipid profile shows total cholesterol 480 mg/dL, LDL 420 mg/dL, HDL 35 mg/dL, and triglycerides 150 mg/dL. What is the most common genetic defect responsible for this presentation?

A 48-year-old woman with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome presents with markedly elevated triglycerides (650 mg/dL) and low HDL cholesterol (28 mg/dL). What is the most common cause of this dyslipidaemic pattern?

A 48-year-old woman is found to have markedly elevated LDL cholesterol (220 mg/dL) and total cholesterol (320 mg/dL) on routine screening. Her triglycerides are 95 mg/dL and HDL-C is 52 mg/dL. She has no personal history of cardiovascular disease but her father died of myocardial infarction at age 55. Physical examination reveals tendon xanthomas on the Achilles tendons and corneal arcus. What is the most appropriate next step?

A 52-year-old man with premature coronary artery disease presents with xanthomas on the Achilles tendon and corneal arcus. Lipid panel shows total cholesterol 480 mg/dL, LDL-C 420 mg/dL, HDL-C 35 mg/dL, triglycerides 150 mg/dL. Which single feature best distinguishes familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) from familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCH)?

Which apolipoprotein is the primary structural component of chylomicrons and is synthesized in the intestinal epithelial cells?