A 22-year-old male from rural India presents with progressive gait ataxia, areflexia, and extensor plantar responses over 3 years. Neuroimaging shows cerebellar and spinal cord atrophy. Pure-tone audiometry reveals the pattern marked **B** in the diagram. Genetic testing confirms homozygous GAA trinucleotide repeat expansion in the FXN gene on chromosome 9q13.11. Which of the following best explains the audiovestibular phenotype in this patient's condition?
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