A 35-year-old woman with chronic dyspepsia, early satiety, and postprandial epigastric burning for 8 months undergoes diagnostic upper GI endoscopy after failing an 8-week PPI trial. She denies NSAID use, alcohol, or smoking. Family history is significant for gastric cancer in her mother at age 55. Endoscopic examination reveals a normal esophagus and proximal stomach, but the gastric antrum displays the appearance shown in the diagram marked **A** — diffusely erythematous mucosa with cobblestone nodular elevations. Rapid urease test on antral biopsy turns red within 30 minutes, and histology confirms chronic active gastritis with curved gram-negative bacilli. Which organism is most strongly associated with this endoscopic pattern?
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