Herpes Viruses — HSV, VZV, CMV, EBV

A 35-year-old immunocompromised patient (CD4 count 45 cells/μL) with AIDS presents with retinal infiltrates, floaters, and photopsia. Ophthalmoscopy reveals a granular, hemorrhagic lesion with a 'cottage cheese and ketchup' appearance in the periphery. CMV retinitis is suspected. What is the drug of choice for induction therapy?

A 28-year-old woman presents with severe left eye pain, photophobia, and blurred vision for 3 days. On examination, she has a dendritic ulcer on the cornea with fluorescein staining. She reports a history of recurrent cold sores on the lips. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

Which herpesvirus encodes a viral homologue of IL-10 that acts as an immunosuppressant, and is the most common cause of congenital infection in developed countries?

Which herpesvirus is characterized by latency in the dorsal root ganglia and reactivation triggered by stress, sunlight, or immunosuppression, causing recurrent vesicular lesions in a dermatomal distribution?

A 28-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe left eye pain, photophobia, and blurred vision for 3 days. On examination, she has a unilateral dendritic ulcer on the cornea with branching pattern visible on fluorescein staining. She reports a history of recurrent oral cold sores. Her CD4 count is 450 cells/μL (she is HIV-positive on antiretroviral therapy). What is the most likely diagnosis and the most appropriate immediate management?