Schistosomes

A 28-year-old male farmer from Bihar presents with a 6-week history of fever, malaise, and progressive abdominal distension. He reports swimming in irrigation canals during the monsoon season 2 months ago. On examination, he has hepatosplenomegaly and mild ascites. Blood investigations show eosinophilia (18%), elevated transaminases, and a serum albumin of 2.8 g/dL. Stool microscopy reveals eggs with a terminal spine. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 35-year-old male construction worker from Sudan, now living in Delhi, presents with a 3-month history of dysuria, frequency, and terminal hematuria. Urine microscopy shows numerous eggs with a terminal spine. He has a history of swimming in the Nile River during childhood. Renal ultrasound shows bilateral hydronephrosis and a calcified bladder. What is the most likely long-term complication if left untreated?

Which schistosome species is associated with urinary schistosomiasis and produces terminal-spined eggs?

Which stage of the schistosome life cycle is infective to humans and is released from the intermediate host?