Vibrio cholerae

Which toxin produced by Vibrio cholerae is responsible for the characteristic rice-water diarrhea seen in cholera?

Vibrio cholerae requires which specific growth factor or condition for optimal isolation and culture on selective media?

A 32-year-old man from Kolkata presents to the emergency department with acute onset of profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting for 6 hours. He reports consuming food from a street vendor near the Hooghly River 18 hours ago. On examination, he is severely dehydrated with sunken eyes, poor skin turgor, and a blood pressure of 88/54 mmHg. Stool examination shows clear, colorless fluid with a 'rice-water' appearance. Gram stain of the stool reveals curved, Gram-negative rods. Culture on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar shows yellow colonies. Which toxin produced by the causative organism is primarily responsible for the massive fluid loss in this patient?

A 42-year-old woman with acute cholera is allergic to tetracyclines. She is not pregnant. What is the preferred antibiotic for her treatment?

A 28-year-old woman from coastal West Bengal presents with 12 hours of profuse watery diarrhea and abdominal cramps. Stool culture grows Vibrio cholerae O1 (biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa) susceptible to all first-line agents. She has been rehydrated with 2 liters of IV normal saline and is now hemodynamically stable with urine output restored. What is the most appropriate next step?