Secondary Glaucomas

A 58-year-old man presents with sudden onset of severe eye pain, blurred vision, and a red eye for 2 days. He has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus for 10 years with poor glycemic control (HbA1c 9.2%). On examination, visual acuity is 6/60 in the affected eye. Slit-lamp examination reveals a hazy cornea, shallow anterior chamber, and rubeosis iridis. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is 48 mmHg. Fundoscopy shows extensive retinal hemorrhages and cotton-wool spots. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 52-year-old woman with a 20-year history of primary open-angle glaucoma presents with a 3-month history of progressive vision loss despite optimal medical therapy (IOP 16 mmHg on triple therapy). She underwent cataract surgery 6 months ago. On examination, visual acuity is 6/24 in the right eye. Slit-lamp examination reveals a dense, white, fibrous membrane in the anterior chamber extending from the surgical wound to the pupil. The membrane appears to be contracting. Gonioscopy shows angle closure in the superior quadrant. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 58-year-old man presents with sudden onset of pain and redness in the left eye for 2 days. He reports blurred vision and halos around lights. On examination, visual acuity is 6/60 in the left eye. The cornea shows mild edema, the anterior chamber is shallow, and the iris appears bombé. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is 48 mmHg in the left eye and 16 mmHg in the right eye. Gonioscopy reveals a closed angle with iris-lens diaphragm pushed forward. B-scan ultrasonography shows a normal posterior segment with no retinal detachment. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the primary mechanism of glaucoma in phacomorphic glaucoma?

In neovascular glaucoma, which cytokine is the primary driver of iris neovascularization?