Fracture Classification — Types and Patterns

A 32-year-old male construction worker sustains a crush injury to his left forearm after a steel beam falls on it. Plain radiographs show a comminuted fracture of the radius and ulna with soft tissue swelling. The attending surgeon suspects an intra-articular extension at the wrist joint. Which investigation is most appropriate to confirm the intra-articular involvement and guide surgical planning?

A 32-year-old construction worker sustains a crush injury to his right leg from a falling beam. Imaging reveals a comminuted fracture of the tibia with butterfly fragments and cortical disruption at multiple levels. Regarding fracture patterns, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A 32-year-old man sustains a fracture of the femoral shaft from a motor vehicle accident. On imaging, the fracture line runs perpendicular to the long axis of the bone with minimal comminution. Which feature best distinguishes this transverse fracture from a spiral fracture of the same bone?

A 28-year-old woman falls on an outstretched hand while playing badminton. She presents with wrist pain, swelling over the dorsal aspect of the wrist, and a 'dinner fork' deformity. Plain radiographs confirm a Colles' fracture with dorsal angulation of 35° and dorsal displacement. She has no neurovascular compromise. What is the most appropriate immediate next step in management?

A 28-year-old female motorcyclist sustains a high-energy crush injury to her right leg in a traffic accident. X-ray reveals a fracture of the mid-shaft femur with multiple bone fragments and comminution involving more than 50% of the bone width. The fracture line is irregular and extends in multiple directions. There is associated soft tissue trauma with skin abrasion. According to the AO/OTA classification, what type of fracture is this?